Also "Karada Makikomi" (technique 3-10), "Koshi Nage" (technique 4-20), George Kirby, Black Belt Budoshin Jujitsu, Volume 1, Panther Productions, 1992.
Also, "Choke Hold with the Arm," page 150, "Choking with a Rope," page 165 of KGB Alpha Team Training Manual: How The Soviets Trained For Personal Combat, Assassination, And Subversion, Paladin Press, 1993.
Also, "Choking with Iron Fan," page 77 of Mizukoshi, Hiro, Aiki Tessenjutsu, Airyudo, 1997.
Step 18 and 19 of H. Sandan are the kake-te block and the front punch that bridge the gap between the triple side-stance sequence and the final cluster.
Step 20-21 are the side stances where you appear to be punching backward over your shoulder.
Koshi Guruma
Taken together, steps 18-21 are a sophisticated lesson in the combat use of Judo's koshi guruma (hip wheel) throw. Koshi guruma requires that the opponent bend toward you slightly so you can wrap an arm around his neck. The punch in step 19 breaks the opponent's posture to make him vulnerable to this throw.
The throw is very simple. Take uke's right sleeve in your left hand. Pivot in to place your tailbone against his right hip bone (turning a little past his center), being sure that your hips are lower than his. As you pivot, wrap your right arm around his neck. Continue pulling horizontally around to your left to pull him over your hip and down on his left side. (This is step 20.)
If you are not fast enough, the opponent may stiffen his back and refuse to be thrown. In that case, quickly shift to your left and then step back in behind him with your right leg. Get your right hip behind his pelvis and then use your arms to sweep his torso to the rear. This is step 21. Most opponents will flip backwards across your hip. (I learned this reversal in a beginning judo class in 1970.)
- Kyuzo Mifune's Canon of Judo contains a chapter on resisting common throws (the "nage waza ura no kata.") Many of these reversal techniques involve shifting out to the side and then stepping in again, either slipping in front of the opponent or slipping in behind him as the occasion requires.
This accounts for steps 19 to 21, but what about the kake-te in step 18?
Ushiro Koshi Nage
- WARNING: The following technique is too dangerous to practice. It is designed to cause severe orthopedic and neurological injuries, and should never be attempted in a training environment. It is presented here for informational purposes only.
The kake-te (hooking hand) gesture optionally turns the upcoming hip wheel into a lethal technique. Use kake-te to rotate the opponent around so that his back is toward you before you load him up for the hip throw.
In this version of the throw, use the kake-te to block/catch the opponent's right arm. As you step in, push his arm across his body to spin him anti-clockwise. When his back is exposed, put the oi-zuki (step 19) into his kidney while wrapping your right arm around his neck. Then pivot in for the throw.
This time your right arm circles his throat, bending his neck far to the rear, as if "hanging" him. This is a neck-breaker. Your right hand pulls his arm back in an arm bar, dislocating his locked shoulder and possibly his elbow. He flips over your hip upside down and hits the pavement on his kneecaps and chin.
George Kirby demonstrates a less-lethal version of this throw as "Ushiro Koshi Nage" in volume 4 of his home-study video set. He grasps the shoulders of the opponent's jacket instead of yanking on his arm and neck. This removes the threat to the neck and gives uke free use of his hands for a breakfall. Even so, it is difficult to avoid landing on your knees.
The KGB combatives manual shows this same reverse hip throw as a technique for silencing a kidnap victim by "hanging" him backwards over your hip using either your arm or a garotte around his neck. Finding this technique in a kidnapping manual should give us pause: other parts of the kata seem to be about abducting or arresting someone, too.
Mizokoshi's book on aiki tessen jutsu shows a throw where you "hang" the opponent with your iron fan, and almost certainly crushing his throat and breaking his neck as you execute the throw.
Other Throws
By extension, the lesson applies to any similar hip throw or drop throw where you engage the enemy by wrapping your arm around his neck, such as Budoshin's karada makikomi. It can be generalized further to throws like seio nage (shoulder throw), but by releasing the neck you lose the explanation of the kake-te.
